Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Cordillera Claudio Gay (Nordchile)     

Dr. Florian Kubaner  Prof. Dr. Werner Zeil 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1971,60(3):1009-1024

Zusammenfassung Die wenig bekannte Cordillera Claudio Gay ist ein Teil der Vorkordillere in Nordchile. Ihr Unterbau besteht aus Tiefengesteinskörpern des PalÄozoikums und einer Sedimentserie, die von sauren Ergu\gesteinen durchbrochen wird. Die petrologische Zusammensetzung der Sedimente und ihre metamorphe überprÄgung werden speziell behandelt. Da keine Fossilien vorliegen, kann das Alter der Sedimente nur auf eine Zeitspanne zwischen Devon und Perm eingeengt werden.

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The little-known Cordillera Claudio Gay is part of the Pre-Cordillera in Northern Chile. Its basement consists of plutonic rocks of the Paleozoics and of a sediment series which is penetrated by acid effusive rocks. The petrological composition of low grade metamorphosed sediments is separately dealt with. No fossils being available, the age of the sediments can only be defined as belonging to the period between Devonian and Permian time.

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Resumen La poco conocida Cordillera Claudio Gay es una parte de la Precordillera en Chile septentrional. Su base se compone de masas intrusivas paleozóicas y de una serie sedimentaria cortada por rocas efusivas ácidas. La composición petrológica de los sedimentos y su cambio metamórfico son investigados en forma especial. La edad de los sedimentos solo puede ser calculada por la falta de fósiles entre el Devónico y el Pérmico.

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Schallausbreitung im Schlick     

Dipl.-Phys. Florian Schirmer 《Ocean Dynamics》1970,23(1):24-30

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Calcium isotope fractionation in calcite and aragonite   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nikolaus Gussone  Florian Böhm  Martin Dietzel  Barbara M.A. Teichert  Gert Wörheide 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2005,69(18):4485-4494

Calcium isotope fractionation was measured on skeletal aragonite and calcite from different marine biota and on inorganic calcite. Precipitation temperatures ranged from 0 to 28°C. Calcium isotope fractionation shows a temperature dependence in accordance with previous observations: 1000 · ln(α_cc) = −1.4 + 0.021 · T (°C) for calcite and 1000 · ln(α_ar) = −1.9 + 0.017 · T (°C) for aragonite. Within uncertainty the temperature slopes are identical for the two polymorphs. However, at all temperatures calcium isotopes are more fractionated in aragonite than in calcite. The offset in δ^44/40Ca is about 0.6‰. The underlying mechanism for this offset may be related to the different coordination numbers and bond strengths of the calcium ions in calcite and aragonite crystals, or to different Ca reaction behavior at the solid-liquid interface. Recently, the observed temperature dependence of the Ca isotope fractionation was explained quantitatively by the temperature control on precipitation rates of calcium carbonates in an experimental setting (Lemarchand et al., 2004). We show that this mechanism can in principle also be applied to CaCO₃ precipitation in natural environments in normal marine settings. Following this model, Ca isotope fractionation in marine Ca carbonates is primarily controlled by precipitation rates. On the other hand the larger Ca isotope fractionation of aragonite compared to calcite can not be explained by different precipitation rates. The rate control model of Ca isotope fractionation predicts a strong dependence of the Ca isotopic composition of carbonates on ambient CO₃²⁻ concentration. While this model is in general accordance with our observations in marine carbonates, cultured specimens of the planktic foraminifer Orbulina universa show no dependence of Ca-isotope fractionation on the ambient CO₃²⁻ concentration. The latter observation implies that the carbonate chemistry in the calcifying vesicles of the foraminifer is independent from the ambient carbonate ion concentration of the surrounding water.  相似文献   

Wide-angle observations of ALP 2002 shots on the TRANSALP profile: Linking the two DSS projects     

Florian Bleibinhaus  Ewald Brückl  ALP Working Group 《Tectonophysics》2006,414(1-4):71

Dynamite shots of the crustal-scale refraction seismic project ALP 2002 were recorded by an array of 40 seismological three-component stations on the TRANSALP profile. These observations provide a direct link between the two deep seismic projects. We report preliminary results obtained from these data. In a first approach, we verified the TRANSALP refraction seismic velocity model computing travel times for several shots and comparing them to the new observations. The results generally confirm this model. Significant first-break travel time differences in and near the Tauern Window are explained by anisotropy. Large-scale features of the model, particularly the Moho structure, seem to be continuous towards the east. Travel time residuals of wide-angle reflections indicate a slight eastward dip component of the Adriatic Moho.  相似文献   

Lateral variations in sediment composition and bedding in Middle Triassic interplatform basins (Buchenstein Formation, southern Alps, Italy)     

Florian Maurer  Wolfgang Schlager 《Sedimentology》2003,50(1):1-22

ABSTRACT Hemipelagic deposits are widespread in Triassic sequences of the Alpine belt and provide important data for stratigraphy and the study of bedding rhythms. The area of the western and central Dolomites of northern Italy escaped strong alpidic deformation and preserves such deposits in their original palaeogeographic setting. The Buchenstein Formation, the object of this study, was deposited in up to 1000 m deep, Middle Triassic interplatform basins, which extend over an area of 500 km² within the Dolomites. Excellent outcrops and volcaniclastic markers allow a detailed correlation of the formation in both laminated (anoxic) and bioturbated facies down to a bed scale, and show its relationship to coeval carbonate platforms. Correlation of lithostratigraphically well‐constrained intervals in the bioturbated facies reveal that lateral thickening and thinning of the deposits depends on the amount of shallow‐water debris in the succession and is a function of the distance to coeval carbonate platform sources. In the laminated background deposit, thickness variations in limestones and marls parallel the thickness variations in ash layers, and were caused by local redeposition of sediment on the basin floor. Lateral persistence of laminae indicates that bottom currents were weak in the Buchenstein basin, but were able to redeposit mud in a significant way. In the area around Seceda and Geisler (western Dolomites), a lateral transition from dark‐grey laminated to grey bioturbated to red bioturbated facies is observed, which is probably linked to local relief with different oxygenation conditions on the sea floor. A comparison shows that decimetre‐scale bedding is preserved in all facies types and that the bedding rhythm is partly the result of different cementation of the sediment during early diagenesis. Correlation of individual layers in the bioturbated facies reveals that beds are thicker and enriched in lime mud in the western part of the basin, and decrease in thickness and contain less micrite towards the east, further away from the main shallow‐water areas. Nearslope calciturbidites change gradually from distinct layers into lateral arrays of micrite nodules and bands further out in the basin. These observations point to a platform source of lime mud in the Buchenstein basin.  相似文献   

Calcium isotope fractionation in modern scleractinian corals     

Florian Böhm  Nikolaus Gussone  Anton Eisenhauer  Stéphanie Reynaud 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2006,70(17):4452-4462

The ⁴⁴Ca/⁴⁰Ca ratios of cultured (Acropora sp.) and open ocean (Pavona clavus, Porites sp.) tropical reef corals are positively correlated with growth temperature. The slope of the temperature-fractionation relation is similar to inorganic aragonite precipitates. However, δ^44/40Ca of the coral aragonite is offset from inorganic and sclerosponge aragonite by about +0.5‰. This offset can neither be explained by the very fast, biologically controlled calcification of scleractinian corals, nor as a consequence of calcification from a partly closed volume of fluid. As corals actively transport calcium through several cell layers to the site of calcification, the most likely explanation for the offset is a biologically induced fractionation. Our results indicate a limited use of Ca isotopes in scleractinian corals as temperature proxy.  相似文献   

A deglaciation model of the Oberhasli,Switzerland          下载免费PDF全文

Christian Wirsig  Jerzy Zasadni  Susan Ivy‐Ochs  Marcus Christl  Florian Kober  Christian Schlüchter 《第四纪科学杂志》2016,31(1):46-59

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Towards a cross-domain interoperable framework for natural hazards and disaster risk reduction information     

Robert Tomas  Matthew Harrison  José I. Barredo  Florian Thomas  Miguel Llorente Isidro  Manuela Pfeiffer  Otakar Čerba 《Natural Hazards》2015,78(3):1545-1563

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Stratigraphy and Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic history of northern Sierra Los Ajos and adjacent areas,Sonora, Mexico     

William R. Page  Floyd Gray  Alexander Iriondo  Daniel Miggins  Robert B. Blodgett  Florian Maldonado  Robert J. Miller 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2010,29(3):557-571

Geologic mapping in the northern Sierra Los Ajos reveals new stratigraphic and structural data relevant to deciphering the Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the range. The northern Sierra Los Ajos is cored by Proterozoic, Cambrian, Devonian, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian strata, equivalent respectively to the Pinal Schist, Bolsa Quartzite and Abrigo Limestone, Martin Formation, Escabrosa Limestone, and Horquilla Limestone. The Proterozoic–Paleozoic sequence is mantled by Upper Cretaceous rocks partly equivalent to the Fort Crittenden and Salero Formations in Arizona, and the Cabullona Group in Sonora, Mexico.Absence of the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Bisbee Group below the Upper Cretaceous rocks and above the Proterozoic–Paleozoic rocks indicates that the Sierra Los Ajos was part of the Cananea high, a topographic highland during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. Deposition of Upper Cretaceous rocks directly on Paleozoic and Proterozoic rocks indicates that the Sierra Los Ajos area had subsided as part of the Laramide Cabullona basin during Late Cretaceous time. Basal beds of the Upper Cretaceous sequence are clast-supported conglomerate composed locally of basement (Paleozoic) clasts. The conglomerate represents erosion of Paleozoic basement in the Sierra Los Ajos area coincident with development of the Cabullona basin.The present-day Sierra Los Ajos reaches elevations of greater than 2600 m, and was uplifted during Tertiary basin-and-range extension. Upper Cretaceous rocks are exposed at higher elevations in the northern Sierra Los Ajos and represent an uplifted part of the inverted Cabullona basin. Tertiary uplift of the Sierra Los Ajos was largely accommodated by vertical movement along the north-to-northwest-striking Sierra Los Ajos fault zone flanking the west side of the range. This fault zone structurally controls the configuration of the headwaters of the San Pedro River basin, an important bi-national water resource in the US-Mexico border region.  相似文献   

Probabilistic collocation and lagrangian sampling for advective tracer transport in randomly heterogeneous porous media     

Florian Müller  Patrick JennyDaniel W. Meyer 《Advances in water resources》2011,34(12):1527-1538

The Karhunen-Loeve (KL) decomposition and the polynomial chaos (PC) expansion are elegant and efficient tools for uncertainty propagation in porous media. Over recent years, KL/PC-based frameworks have successfully been applied in several contributions for the flow problem in the subsurface context. It was also shown, however, that the accurate solution of the transport problem with KL/PC techniques is more challenging. We propose a framework that utilizes KL/PC in combination with sparse Smolyak quadrature for the flow problem only. In a subsequent step, a Lagrangian sampling technique is used for transport. The flow field samples are calculated based on a PC expansion derived from the solutions at relatively few quadrature points. To increase the computational efficiency of the PC-based flow field sampling, a new reduction method is applied. For advection dominated transport scenarios, where a Lagrangian approach is applicable, the proposed PC/Monte Carlo method (PCMCM) is very efficient and avoids accuracy problems that arise when applying KL/PC techniques to both flow and transport. The applicability of PCMCM is demonstrated for transport simulations in multivariate Gaussian log-conductivity fields that are unconditional and conditional on conductivity measurements.  相似文献